Hadoop集群（三节点）安装与部署

1.2.1环境准备

环境由三台服务器组成，分别为目录节点，内容节点，服务器列表如下所示：

表１ 主机环境准备

IP	机器名称
10.0.0.201	m1.hadoop
10.0.0.209	s1.hadoop
10.0.0.211	s2.hadoop

下面列出各主机配置信息:

主机:m1.hadoop

[hadoop@m1 .ssh]$ cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0

DEVICE="eth0"

NM_CONTROLLED="yes"

ONBOOT=yes

TYPE=Ethernet

BOOTPROTO=none

IPADDR=10.0.0.201

PREFIX=24

GATEWAY=10.0.0.254

DEFROUTE=yes

IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=yes

IPV6INIT=no

NAME="System eth0"

HWADDR=10:50:56:AF:00:CF

[hadoop@m1 .ssh]$ cat /etc/hosts

10.0.0.201 m1.hadoop

10.0.0.209 s1.hadoop

10.0.0.211 s2.hadoop

127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost

[hadoop@m1 .ssh]$ cat /etc/sysconfig/network

NETWORKING=yes

HOSTNAME=m1.hadoop

FORWARD_IPV4=yes

主机:s1.hadoop

[hadoop@s1 .ssh]$ cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0

DEVICE="eth0"

NM_CONTROLLED="yes"

ONBOOT=yes

HWADDR=10:50:56:AF:00:D4

TYPE=Ethernet

BOOTPROTO=none

IPADDR=10.0.0.209

PREFIX=24

GATEWAY=10.0.0.254

DEFROUTE=yes

IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=yes

IPV6INIT=no

NAME="System eth0"

[hadoop@s1 .ssh]$ cat /etc/hosts

10.0.0.209 s1.hadoop

10.0.0.201 m1.hadoop

10.0.0.211 s2.hadoop

127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost

[hadoop@s1 .ssh]$ cat /etc/sysconfig/network

NETWORKING=yes

HOSTNAME=s1.hadoop

主机:s2.hadoop

[hadoop@s2 .ssh]$ cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0

DEVICE="eth0"

NM_CONTROLLED="yes"

ONBOOT=yes

HWADDR=01:50:56:AF:00:D7

TYPE=Ethernet

BOOTPROTO=none

IPADDR=10.0.0.211

PREFIX=24

GATEWAY=10.0.0.254

DEFROUTE=yes

IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=yes

IPV6INIT=no

NAME="System eth0"

[hadoop@s2 .ssh]$ cat /etc/hosts

10.0.0.211 s2.hadoop

10.0.0.201 m1.hadoop

10.0.0.209 s1.hadoop

127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost

[hadoop@s2 .ssh]$ cat /etc/sysconfig/network

NETWORKING=yes

HOSTNAME=s2.hadoop

1.2.2Java多机安装

将下载到后java文件传至各主机/home目录中，下面可以进行对其进行安装：

[root@s1 home]# chmod u+x jdk-6u25-linux-x64-rpm.bin

[root@s1 home]# ./jdk-6u25-linux-x64-rpm.bin

1.2.3SSH配置

在每台机器上创建hadoop帐户，在每台机器生成hadoop的的公私钥对，分别将上述公钥对写入到authorized_keys文件之中，将authorized_keys分别分发至各个主机~/.ssh/目录之中即可。

具体设置过程如下所示：

S1.hadoop主机:

[root@ s1 .ssh]# useradd hadoop #创建帐号

[root@ s1 .ssh]# passwd hadoop #配置密码

[root@ s1 .ssh 5]# su hadoop

[hadoop@s1 .ssh]$ssh-keygen

[hadoop@s1 .ssh]$chmod 700 ~/.ssh/

[hadoop@m1 .ssh]$ cat id_rsa.pub >> authorized_keys

[hadoop@m1 .ssh]$ chmod 600 authorized_keys

[hadoop@m1 .ssh]$ scp authorized_keys [e-mail]:/home/hadoop/.ssh/

s2.hadoop主机：

[root@ s2 .ssh]# useradd hadoop #创建帐号

[root@ s2 .ssh]# passwd hadoop #配置密码

[root@ s2 .ssh 5]# su hadoop

[hadoop@s2 .ssh]$ssh-keygen

[hadoop@s2 .ssh]$chmod 700 ~/.ssh/

[hadoop@m2 .ssh]$ cat id_rsa.pub >> authorized_keys

[hadoop@m1 .ssh]$ scp authorized_keys [e-mail]:/home/hadoop/.ssh/

m1.hadoop主机：

[root@ s1 .ssh]# useradd hadoop #创建帐号

[root@ s1 .ssh]# passwd hadoop #配置密码

[root@ s1 .ssh 5]# su hadoop

[hadoop@s1 .ssh]$ssh-keygen

[hadoop@s1 .ssh]$chmod 700 ~/.ssh/

[hadoop@m1 .ssh]$ cat id_rsa.pub >> authorized_keys

[hadoop@m1 .ssh]$ scp authorized_keys [e-mail]:/home/hadoop/.ssh/

[hadoop@m1 .ssh]$ scp authorized_keys [e-mail]:/home/hadoop/.ssh/

1.2.4Hadoop多机安装

Hadoop安装与配置过程见1.1.4节,先在m1.hadoop主机配置hadoop，安装hadoop、配置访问权限、配置环境变量：

具体操作过程（m1.hadoop）：

[root@m1 home]# tar xzvf hadoop-0.20.2.tar.gz

[root@ m1home]# mv hadoop-0.20.2 /usr/local

[root@ m1home]# cd /usr/local

[root@ m1local]# ls

bin etc games hadoop-0.20.2 include lib lib64 libexec sbin share src

[root@ m1local]# mv hadoop-0.20.2/ hadoop

[root@ m1local]# mkdir hadoop/Data

[root@ m1local]# mkdir hadoop/Name

[root@ m1local]# mkdir hadoop/Tmp

[root@ m1local]# chmod 777 /var/local

[root@ m1local]# ls

bin etc games hadoop include lib lib64 libexec sbin share src

[root@ m1local]# chown -R hadoop:hadoop /usr/local/hadoop/　#修改权限

[root@m1 conf]# vi core-site.xml

<?xml version="1.0"?>

<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?>

<!-- Put site-specific property overrides in this file. -->

<configuration>

<property>

<name>fs.default.name</name>

<value>hdfs://m1.hadoop:9000</value>

</property>

<property>

<name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>

<value>/usr/local/hadoop/Tmp</value>

</property>

</configuration>

[root@m1 conf]# vi hdfs-site.xml

<?xml version="1.0"?>

<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?>

<!-- Put site-specific property overrides in this file. -->

<configuration>

<property>

<name>dfs.name.dir</name>

<value>/usr/local/hadoop/Name</value>

</property>

<property>

<name>dfs.data.dir</name>

<value>/usr/local/hadoop/Data</value>

</property>

<property>

<name>dfs.replication</name>

<value>3</value>

</property>

</configuration>

[root@m1 conf]# vi masters

m1.hadoop

[root@m1 conf]# vi slaves

m1.hadoop

s1.hadoop

s2.hadoop

[root@m1 conf]# vi mapred-site.xml

<?xml version="1.0"?>

<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?>

<!-- Put site-specific property overrides in this file. -->

<configuration>

<property>

<name>mapred.job.tracker</name>

<value>m1.hadoop:9001</value>

</property>

</configuration>

[root@ m1local]# scp -r /usr/local/hadoop s1.hadoop:/usr/local/

[root@ m1local]# scp -r /usr/local/hadoop s2.hadoop:/usr/local/

（s1.hadoop）：

[root@ s1local]# chmod 777 /var/local

（s2.hadoop）：

[root@ s2local]# chmod 777 /var/local

1.2.5Hadoop测试

[root@m1 conf]# jps

10209 Jps

9057 SecondaryNameNode

9542 SecondaryNameNode

7217 JobTracker

10087 TaskTracker

9450 DataNode